What does Henry's Law explain?

Henry's Law pertains specifically to the relationship between the solubility of a gas in a liquid and the pressure of that gas above the liquid. It states that at a constant temperature, the amount of gas that dissolves in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure of that gas in equilibrium with the liquid. This principle is particularly relevant when considering beverages like soda pop.

When a can of soda is sealed, carbon dioxide is dissolved in the liquid under high pressure. Upon opening the can, the pressure above the liquid decreases rapidly, leading to a reduction in the solubility of the gas. As a result, the dissolved carbon dioxide comes out of solution, which causes the formation of bubbles that you see when you first open the beverage. This is a practical application of Henry's Law in everyday life.

In contrast, while the other options may relate to gas behavior, they do not specifically explain the phenomenon described by Henry's Law.